That depends on the type of test being conducted. Currently, there are two styles of testing: court admissible testing and home self collection (which is generally not court admissible). Both types use the buccal style (swab) collection. The more invasive phlebotomy collection (utilizing needles or lancets) is no longer the preferred method of collection for laboratories. Buccal swab technology has eliminated the transportation of potentially hazardous blood samples as well as the uncomfortable and painful collection process of the needle.

Phlebotomist, clinicians, medical technicians have quickly adapted themselves to this new style of collection. Phlebotomists and medical technicians have to be certified on a state and national level for needle collection. While there are certification programs for needle (blood) collection, there are no certification programs for buccal swab collection. Therefore anyone can do a swab collection. This fact is what makes the home test kit possible.

Home kits: Anyone can collect this sample.

Court admissible tests: Phlebotomists, medical technicians, doctors, lawyers, paralegals, lawyer's assistants or anyone who is an officer of the court and can render an acceptable chain of custody can collect buccal swab samples. Samples must not be turned over to the clients but instead must be shipped directly to the laboratory by the collection administrator (the sample collector or witness).

Blood samples: Only medical technicians, phlebotomist, nurses, and doctors are qualified to collect blood samples.

Buccal swab: This can be collected literally anywhere. In some cases, buccal swabs could be conducted in a courtroom setting, which is convenient because the collection is so quick and simple.